9.1.2012
15:40
Doc. RNDr. Petr Chvosta, CSc.
(Katedra makromolekularni fyziky, MFF UK):
Matematika a fyzika Brownova sveta
Abstract: Jedna se o neformalni uvodni seznameni se soucasnym teoretickym vyzkumem fyzikalnich jevu na urovni reality, ktera se rozprostira na pomezi makrosveta a mikrosveta. V prednasce budou zdurazneny specificke dynamicke a energeticke principy Brownova sveta a nektere jejich neintuitivni dusledky. Adekvatnim matematickym nastrojem se zde jevi teorie stochastickych procesu, specialne teorie difuze a s ni souvisejici Fokker-Planckova rovnice. Diskuze se dotyka nove interpretace druhe hlavni vety termodynamiky a vyzaduje, mimo jine, revizi zakladnich termodynamickych pojmu jako jsou entropie, teplo a prace. Jednim z cilu zakladniho vyzkumu je navrzeni novych principu transformace vsudypritomneho termalniho pohybu na usmerneny makroskopicky pohyb. Takove tzv. Brownovy motory, tj. mechanismy hrajici v mezoskopicke oblasti roli znameho makroskopickeho Carnotova tepelneho stroje, priroda jiz patrne davno objevila a vyuziva je napriklad pri vnitrobunecnem transportu.
27.2.2012
15:40
V case seminare od 16:00 se kona prednaska Dr. Karla Janecka, RSJ algorithmic trading.
Abstract: Prednasku organizuje SIAM SC a kona se v ramci oslav 60. vyroci MFF UK. [viz. informacni letak]
5.3.2012
15:40
(MU UK):
Models of adhesive contacts delaminating at mixity modes
Abstract: After introducing a basic concept of quasistatic rate-independent adhesive contacts and surveying some results about it, a refinement by reflection of the mode of delamination will be exposed. As a matter of fact, engineering models distinguishes Mode I (=opening, with rather small activation energy needed) from Mode II (=shearing, with usually much bigger activation energy). Mixity mode combining both modes occurs most typically, rather than a pure Mode I or II. Some mixity-sensitive models bear rigorous mathematical and numerical analysis. Two-dimensional computational experiments will be presented, too. Eventually, some rate-dependent effects like healing or viscosity or inertia will be mentioned. The presentation will reflect collaboration with L.Freddi, M.Kruzik, A.Mielke, V.Mantic, R.Paroni, R.Rossi, L.Scardia, M.Thomas, and C.Zanini, including computational simulations from M.Kocvara, C.G.Panagiotopoulos, R.Vodicka, J.Zeman.
12.3.2012
15:40
Prof. Dr. Claus-Dieter Munz
(Institut fur Aerodynamik und Gasdynamik, Universitat Stuttgart):
Discontinuous Galerkin schemes with reconstruction
Abstract: Reconstruction is usually thought of a building block in volume schemes, but may also be combined with discontinuous Galerkin (DG) schemes. In this approach, the degrees of freedom of a piecewise polynomial approximation of degree N are directly based on the DG variational formulation, while reconstruction is used to raise the polynomial degree of the approximation to M>N and thus increase the order of accuracy of the solution. In this talk, I will give an overview of reconstructed DG schemes with an explicit time discretization. Within an implicit treatment of time I propose the use of reconstruction to estimate the local discretization error of a steady state DG solution. An iterated defect correction is then applied to improve the accuracy of the steady solution.Within this approach one only needs the inversion of the basic lower-order DG scheme. The main advantage is that the defect correction does not a ffect the DG scheme beside a modi cation of the right hand side, and the matrix of the linear system to be solved remains unchanged. Due to the fact that computational e ffort for higher order schemes strongly increases with the order the defect correction scheme may be considerably more efficient. Numerical results for Euler and Navier-Stokes equations are shown.
19.3.2012
15:40
Prof. Endre Suli
(Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford):
Existence of global weak solutions to kinetic models of nonhomogeneous dilute polymeric fluids
Abstract: We prove the existence of global-in-time weak solutions to a general class of coupled bead-spring chain models that arise from the kinetic theory of dilute solutions of nonhomogeneous polymeric liquids with noninteracting polymer chains, with fi nitely extensible nonlinear elastic spring potentials. The class of models under consideration involves the unsteady incompressible Navier--Stokes equations with variable density and density-dependent dynamic viscosity in a bounded domain in two or three space dimensions for the density, the velocity and the pressure of the fluid, with an elastic extra-stress tensor appearing on the right-hand side in the momentum equation. The extra-stress tensor stems from the random movement of the polymer chains and is de fined by the Kramers expression through the associated probability density function that satisfi es a Fokker--Planck-type parabolic equation, a crucial feature of which is the presence of a centre-of-mass di ffusion term and a nonlinear density-dependent drag coefficient.
26.3.2012
15:40
prof. Tarak Ben Zineb
(LEMTA, Lorraine University, CNRS, Francie):
A constitutive model for Fe-based SMA considering martensitic transformation and plastic sliding coupling: Application to finite element structural analysis
Abstract: In this paper, a finite-element numerical tool adapted to Fe-based SMA structural analysis is proposed. The algorithm is based on an earlier developed constitutive model which describes the effect of phase transformation, plastic sliding and their interactions on the thermomechanical behavior. This model was derived from an assumed expression of the Gibbs free energy taking non linear interaction of quantities related to inter- and intra-granular incompatibilities as well as interaction of mechanical and chemical quantities into account. Two scalar internal variables were considered to describe the phase transformation and plastic sliding effects. The hysteretic and specific behavior patterns of Fe-based SMA during reverse transformation were studied by assuming a dissipation expression. The proposed model effectively describes complex thermomechanical loading paths. The numerical tool derived from the implicit resolution of the non linear partial derivative constitutive equations was implemented into the Abaqus® finite element code via the UMAT subroutine. After tests to verify the homogeneous and heterogeneous thermo-mechanical loading, an example of Fe-based SMA application was studied which corresponded to an Fe-based SMA tightening system made up of fish plates for crane rails. The results we obtained were compared to experimental ones.
2.4.2012
15:40
A thermodynamical framework for chemically reacting systems
Abstract: In this talk I present a very general thermodynamic framework that is capable of describing a large class of bodies undergoing entropy producing processes. Attention will be focused on bodies that are undergoing chemical reactions and the framework takes stoichiometry into account. As a special sub-case, we describe the response of viscoelastic materials that undergo chemical reactions. One of the quintessential features of this framework is that the second law of thermodynamics is formulated by introducing the Gibbs’ potential, which is the natural way to study problems involving chemical reactions. The Gibbs potential–based formulation also naturally leads to implicit constitutive equations for the stress tensor. The assumption of maximization of the rate of entropy production due to dissipation, heat conduction, and chemical reactions is invoked to determine an equation for the evolution of the natural configuration, the heat flux vector and a new set of equations for the evolution of the concentration of the chemical constituents. To determine the efficacy of the framework with regard to chemical reactions we consider the reactions occurring during vulcanization of rubber. The theoretically predicted distribution of mono,di and polysulfidic cross-links by using the framework agree reasonably well with available experimental data.
9.4.2012
15:40
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Seminar se nekona
16.4.2012
15:40
Mgr. Jan Stebel, PhD
(NTI FM TU Liberec):
Numerical solution of Stokes problem and of its generalization within implicit constitutive theory
Abstract: Rheology of some classes of non-Newtonian fluids is characterized by an implicit relation of the Cauchy stress and the symmetric velocity gradient. This leads to a generalized Stokes problem in which the stress becomes an independent unknown and the constitutive relation plays the role of an additional constraint. For successfull numerical solution it is crucial to find stable finite elements that take into account the twofold saddle-point structure of the problem. I will describe several formulations of the generalized Stokes problem, discuss the choice of finite element spaces and present some numerical results.
23.4.2012
15:40
Prof. Dr. Ing. Eduard Rohan
(Fakulta aplikovanych ved, Katedra mechaniky, ZCU):
Modeling double porosity media using hierarchical homogenization
Abstract: Models of fluid saturated porous media (FSPM) are widely used in geomechanics, civil engineering and biomechanics; in the last application, FSPM models can approximate bone mechanics, or tissue perfusion, to name a few examples. Asymptotic analysis of PDEs with strongly oscillating coefficients forms a mathematically sound basis for modeling complicated interactions in heterogeneous materials with respect to their microstructure. Assuming scale separation, this approach can be adapted for simultaneous modeling of materials on the micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales. In the lecture, various models of FSPM will be presented which were obtained using hierarchical homogenization, or using homogenization of PDEs with scale-dependent coefficients. Also different origins of the fading memory effects observed at the macroscopic scale will be discussed.
30.4.2012
15:40
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Seminar se nekona
7.5.2012
15:40
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Seminar se nekona
14.5.2012
15:40
Mgr. Stanislav Sysala, Ph.D.
(Institute of Geonics AS CR, v.v.i., Applied mathematics and computer science):
Preliminary modelling of rock pillar failure processes based on continuum mechanics
Abstract: Firstly, we briefly describe the Aspo Pillar Stability Experiment (APSE). The APSE experiment was carried out to examine the failure process in a heterogeneous and slightly fractured granite rock mass when subjected to coupled excavation-induced and thermal-induced stresses. The APSE experiment has been related to an underground nuclear waste repository research. Secondly, we map the pillar failure process and describe some effects that were observed during the process or influenced it. Thirdly, we briefly inform about investigation based on 3D thermo-elastic modelling. Fourthly, we introduce simplied 2D models representing a cross-section of the pillar. The models geometry and loading path correspond with the previous 3D thermo-elastic modelling. We consider three preliminary continual approaches – elastic, perfect elastoplastic and a combination of perfect elastoplasticity and continuum damage mechanics. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of the approaches from mathematical and experimental points of view. We also introduce a simple coupling of the models with thermal loading. Fifthly, we mention few comments to implementation of the problems. Sixthly, we perform few numerical experiments to investigate stability of the models or to describe which of the investigated effects can be described by the models or not.
21.5.2012
15:40
Doc. Dr. rer. nat. Ing. Jan Valdman
(VSB-TU Ostrava):
Multi-surface elastoplastic continuum - modeling and computations
Abstract: The quasi-static evolution of an elastoplastic body with a multi-surface constitutive law of linear kinematic hardening type allows the modeling of curved stress-strain relations. It generalizes classical small-strain elastoplasticity from one to various plastic phases. We presents the mathematical model, existence and uniqueness of the solution of the corresponding initial-boundary value problem and numerical computation using finite elements. The talk is based on PhD thesis of Jan Valdman from 2002 and later joint journal publications with M. Brokate, C. Carstensen and A. Hofinger.
28.5.2012
15:40
Privatdozent Dr. Dirk Pauly
(Universitat Duisburg-Essen, Fakultat fur Mathematik):
Poincare meets Korn via Maxwell: Extending Korn s First Inequality to Incompatible Tensor Fields
27.9.2012
10:00
1.10.2012
15:40
(School of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Israel):
Numerical modeling of instabilities of confined flows: concepts, achievements, benchmarks and comparison with experiment
Abstract: This is a review lecture describing recent achievements in computational modelling of three-dimensional instabilities of flows in closed containers. The study is motivated by melt instabilities in bulk crystal growth processes and requires consideration of rather complicated domains, as well as accounting for different non-linear phenomena, e.g., phase change and radiation. This makes it impossible to apply spectral or pseudo-spectral methods, which were traditionally used for solution of model stability problems. Lower-order methods, which are more flexible but converge slower, become the choice. We discuss how a numerical process containing a direct solver for calculation of a developed steady flow and an eigenvalue solver needed for the stability analysis should be treated. The first question addressed in this study is how fine should be a finite volume grid to yield converged critical parameters corresponding to the primary instability of a developed flow. For this purpose we consider a series of model problems which includes also some well-known benchmarks. The second issue is the comparison of numerical results with the existing experimental data, which yields the most important validation of a numerical code. We discuss also results of parametric stability studies for some model configurations and describe effects of stabilization and destabilization of flows by different combinations of heating and rotation.
8.10.2012
15:40
(Weierstrass Institute, Berlin):
On the structure of the quasiconvex hull in planar elasticity
Abstract: We study quasiconvexity in the calculus of variations, in particular, quasiconvexity for sets of matrices. Let K and L be compact sets of real 2x2 matrices with positive determinant. Suppose that both sets are frame invariant, meaning invariant under the left action of the special orthogonal group. Then we give an algebraic condition for K and L to be incompatible for microstructures. This result permits a simplified characterization of the quasiconvex hull and the rank-one convex hull in planar elasticity. At the beginning of the talk, there will be a short motivation and an introduction to quasiconvexity.
15.10.2012
15:40
Ing. Vaclav Klika, Ph.D. and Prof. Frantisek Marsik
(KM, FJFI CVUT and Institute of Thermomechanics, AV CR):
Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and bone tissue remodelling
Abstract: Motivated by biological applications and a great debate in literature (e.g. in bone tissue development and regeneration) about the significance of mechano-chemical coupling and the nature of these quantities, we try to pursue this problem from thermodynamical point of view. First, we shall discuss the use of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, classical irreversible thermodynamics, for extensions of Law of Mass Action that is frequently used in chemical kinetics. Such extensions enable to study the effects and nature of mechano-chemical coupling. Further, within GENERIC framework we propose a thermodynamically consistent way (or ways) of capturing a non-linear coupling between scalar quantities, namely affinities and scalar mechanical quantities. A modified version of the law of mass action is obtained which reflects the coupling effects by modification of reaction constants. The results from nonlinear coupling shall be discussed with CIT predictions. Also a means of comparison of the effects of different types of already recognised mechanical stimulation shall be given.As an illustrative example we shall apply the theoretical findings to model bone remodelling process.
22.10.2012
15:40
prof. RNDr. Miloslav Feistauer, DrSc., Dr.h.c.
(KNM, MFF UK):
Numerical simulation of interaction of compressible flow with elastic structures
29.10.2012
15:40
RNDr. Jiri Kroc, Ph.D.
Introduction To Dynamic Recrystallization And Structural Design Based On Complex Systems: Building Vocabulary
Abstract: Complex systems (CSs) represent a vital, productive, fast growing theory with applications in all scientific fields. Today, we briefly encounter development of CSs accompanied by carefully selected applications explaining their power. CSs are often called as post-Newtonian scientific approach because they do not work with the concept of equations. Instead of equations, CSs employ a vast number of identical copies of units (just of several generic types), representing the bottom-level of the system, which are mutually interacting on this bottom-level. The top-level behavior resulting from mutual interactions of the bottom-level units is not encoded, as e.g. in ant colony created through interactions of ants. The theory of cellular automata, which are firmly sitting within the core of modeling of CSs, is reviewed. The concept of self-organization and emergence and ideas behind it are briefly demonstrated. The main attention of this talk is focused to presentation of novel CSs approaches employed in models of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and structural design. In DRX, experimental observations are reviewed and followed by historical development of models of DRX which is demonstrated on two presented models (discrete and continuous). In structural design, models based on cellular automata formulation of elastic or plastic deformations of constructions subjected to static or dynamic load are reviewed. The case of truss bridge is shown in detail. This enables us to optimize shape, weight, internal structure, etc., against desired properties of the final product. Such computationally supported design of not only mechanical components and constructions c an leads to a substantial increase of their performance.
5.11.2012
15:40
prof. Didier Henrion
(LAAS-CNRS Univ. Toulouse and FEL-CVUT Prague):
Continuity equations on measures and semidefinite programming for polynomial control systems
Abstract: Following original ideas of Liouville (1838), Poincare (1899), Carleman (1932), Kryloff-Bogoliouboff (1937) and L. C. Young (1969), many nonconvex nonlinear infinite-dimensional optimization problems can be reformulated into convex linear programming (LP) problems in a Banach space of measures. Recent developments in functional analysis and real algebraic geometry can be exploited to solve numerically these measure LPs with the help of semidefinite programming (SDP), via a converging hierarchy of finite-dimensional LPs in the cone of positive semidefinite matrices. In this talk we apply these techniques to solve the problem of estimating the region of attraction of controlled ODEs with polynomial vector field and semialgebraic state and control constraints. We first reformulate this problem as an conic Banach LP involving the Liouville continuity (advection) PDE on occupation measures. Then we apply our hierarchy of SDP problems to generate nested semialgebraic outer approximations converging almost uniformly to the region of attraction.
12.11.2012
15:40
Prof. K.R. Rajagopal, DrHC
(Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station):
Modeling fracture in brittle solids
19.11.2012
15:40
Petr Filip, CSc.
(Institute of Hydrodynamics, ASCR):
Similar and quasi-similar solutions for flows of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids
Abstract: A similarity solution of the swirling radial jet is derived including an interpretation of circumference-point-source. The solution is applied to a description of velocity field in so-called rotor region in a mixing vessel when a Rushton-type impeller is used. The parameters obtained during the similarity procedure are matched with the parameters describing mixing conditions. Helical steady state, laminar, isothermal flow of incompressible power-law fluids through a concentric annulus is analysed for a stationary outer cylinder with the inner pipe rotating with constant torque. Pressure is applied in an axial direction. Using dimensionless analysis, a quasisimilarity solution is derived for a sufficiently broad region of rheological, geometrical and dynamical parameters. This solution provides functional dependence of flow rate on an aspect ratio of the inner-to-outer cylinders, parameters in the power-law rheological model, and torque.
26.11.2012
15:40
Mgr. Petra Pustejovska, Ph.D.
(Institute of Computational Mathematics, TU Graz):
Modeling of blood flow in real geometry aneurysm
3.12.2012
15:40
Dr. Giuseppe Tomassetti
(Dipt. Ingegneria Civile, Universita di Roma `Tor Vergata):
Modeling hydrogen transport and phase transformation in metallic solids
Abstract: A continuum theory coupling diffusion, phase transformation, and deformation in solids under large strains will be presented, and possible applications to the modeling of hydrogen storage in metallic compounds will be discussed and mathematical analysis will briefly be outlined, too.
10.12.2012
15:40
* * *
15:45
doc. RNDr. Oldrich John, CSc.
(Dept. of Math. Anal., Math.-Phys. Faculty, Charles Univ.):
Jindrich Necas a regularita - nekolik vzpominek
16:00
RNDr. Miroslav Bulicek, Ph.D.
(Math. Inst., Charles Univ.):
On recent progress in the regularity theory for minimizers of variational integrals
Abstract: The 19th Hilbert problem asks whether minimizers of a regular variational problem are analytic. In 60s, E.DeGiorgi and J.Nash proved that this hypothesis is true in the scalar case. On the other hand, in the vectorial case the hypothesis is not true, as was shown by J.Necas (1975), who found a variational problem whose minimizer is Lipschitz continuous but not better. Moreover, it was shown by V.Sverak and X.Yan (2000), that some minimizers can even be discontinuous and unbounded. Therefore, it is of a real interest to identify a nontrivial class of vectorial variational problems that admit smooth or at least Holder continuous minimizers. First such result is due to the Uhlenbeck (1977) who found a very special class for which the minimizer is smooth. In last decades, a lot of extensions of the Uhlenbeck result was proved for various types of variational problems but only under the very restrictive assumptions which are, in fact, not far from the Uhlenbeck setting. In this talk, a new, much more general class of variational problems for which it is possible to prove the Holder continuity of the minimizer will be presented. Moreover, it will be seen that the convexity of the potential in fact does not play any role, and revealed much more importance of a structural condition, which in our case can read as a splitting condition.
17.12.2012
15:40
Mgr. J. Stebel, Ph.D. jointly with Prof.RNDr. J.Haslinger, DrSc.
(Math. Institute of the ASCR & Dept. of Numer. Math., Charles Univ.):
Shape optimization in Stokes problems with threshold slip boundary conditions
Abstract: We study the Stokes problems in a bounded planar domain Omega with a friction-type boundary condition that switches between a slip and no-slip stage. Our main goal is to determine under which conditions concerning smoothness of Omega, solutions to the Stokes system with the slip boundary conditions depend continuously on variations of Omega. Having this result at our disposal, we easily prove the existence of a solution to optimal shape design problems for a large class of cost functionals. In order to release the impermeability condition, whose numerical treatment could be troublesome, we use a penalty approach. We introduce a family of shape optimization problems with the penalized state relations. Finally we establish convergence properties between solutions to the original and modified shape optimization problems when the penalty parameter tends to zero.


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